Apparatus for sea navigation



S. KDIRANSKY.

APPARATUS FOR SEA NAVIGATION.

APPLICATION FILED MAYIG, 1918.

1,344,903. Patented June 29, 1920.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l- S. KOIRANSKY.

. APPARATUS FOR SEA NAVIGATION.

APPLICATION FILED MAYIG. 1918.

1,344,903; Patented June 29, 1920. r

4 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

[/1 n/or by Wu s. KOl'RA-N S KY v APPARATUS FOR SEA NAVIGATION.

APPLICATION, FILED MAY 16, 1918.

31,344,903. 5 Patented-June 29, 1920.

. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

I 0770/7 /fo/kahs%y f/ m/o/ by MW S. KOIRANSKY.

APPARATUS FOR SEA NAVIGATION. APPLICATION FILED MAY 16.1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4- 1,344,903. I I g PatentedJune 29,1920.

UNITED STATES";

PTIATENT OFFICE.

SI MON KOIRANSKY, OF LYON, FRANCE.

APPARATUS FOR SEA NAVIGATION.

. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented J 11116 29, 1920- Application filed May 16, 1918. Serial No. 234,905. I

which is an arrangement which reduces to a minimum the action of waves detrimental to the displacement of ordinary ships, and

even transforming this detrimental. effect the apparatus consists essentially of a ceninto an action which is useful to floating capacities. This system can be applied to any means of propulsion, paddle wheels, naval propellers, aerial propellers, sails, etc.

The detrimental effects of the waves are of the static and dynamic order.

Those of the first kind give to the ships oscillating movements known under the names of rolling or pitching.

Those of the second kind give cause to instability, to jerks. and to variability of translation speed which are harmful to the ship, to the engines and to the crews and reduce the output of the whole.

To obviate these inconveniences, in the apparatus hereinafter described, the principal matters to be transported and which I habitually are composed of the usual leadburden (crew-stores-cargo), the machinery and the structure which carries them are, by construction, isolated :from the agitated surface of the water, above which they are held by the action of theseveral deformable articulated devices which rest on floats proper.

The deformations of the articulated sysexample Figures 1, 2 and 3 are diagrams illustrating respectively an end view, a plan view and a side elevation view of an apparatus according to the invention.

Figs. 4 and 5 are diagrams, respectively of an end view and a plan view, showing a modified construction of this invention.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of still another form of construction of the apparatus.

7 Figs. 7 and 8 show detailed diagrams in front elevation and. in plan of a device ac cording to the invention provided with the Fig. 9 shows a modified form of construction of the apparatus shown .in Figs. 7 and 8.

Fig. 10 is a similar diagram to Fig. 7 and refers to a modification in constructionu Fig. 11 shows a diagrammatic front elevation view of. an apparatusaccording to the invention, this view being intended ,to show the controlling means.

Referring to F igs. 1, 2 and 3. one sees that tral body a supported by floats I) through the medium of articulated systems a.

' The central bodv a is constituted by a hollow beam which can be of any suitable shape and section and which can be built up of wood, metal, cement or any other suitable material. This hollow beam carries the useful load, the engines, the crew and carries 7 the sails in the case ofpropulsion by wind 7 power.

The floats can be of any number, varying according to the size and the power of the apparatus. The apparatus can be fitted not only with up-lifting, even sized, floats as floats b. In the case of the floats b (Figs. .1, 2 and 3) and the floats cl (Figs. 4 and 5) the plan of usefultvertical elastic deformations e. the plan of the deformations of the articulated systems 0 is always perpendicular to the direction of travel XX, as shown in Y,.Y.

For the floats b, the plan Z-Z of elastic deformations is parallel to the direction of travel X-X.

The plan of elastic deformations of the articulated systems corresponding to the floats b can also be in oblique with relation to direction of travel, as shown in Y'-Y in Fig. 6. a 1

The. detail of the articulated systems 0 interposed between the beam at and the floats V b, b and d is given in Figs. 7 and 8. The

beam a is fitted with a bearing 6 in which can oscillate an axle carried by the side lever f. This side lever carries at its lower end a joint 9 in which passes a vertical shaft increasing the supporting power of the float, raises it by compressing the damper by the side lever f and the connectingrod i as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 7. The excess of pressure of water is thus prevented from being transmitted to the beam at andthereby affect the stability of this beam.

The upper end of the vertical shaft h of a connecting rodZ, pivoted in m to the beam at. The joints 6, g, is and m are disposed as a parallelogram. It results therefrom that during the deformations of the apparatus, the shaft 71, remains in a plan parallel to the symmetric plan of'the apparatus and the float Z) remains horizontal in its longitudinal direction and bears on the waterby only one suitable surface n whatever may be the deformations. The rotations of the shaft h in the joints is and 9 allow the floats b to avoid the side jerk of an oblique swell with relation to the direction of travel XX of the apparatus in automatically deviating as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 8 according to the direction of the component of the relative speeds of the apparatus and of the swell, which presents the minimum of resistance to the forward movement. The summits Ia and g of the articulated system constituted by the side lever f are conveniently held by stays 0 to prevent detrimental displacements with relation to the beam.

It will-be noted that the damper or shock absorbing member j acts upon the lever f with a comparatively short leverage while the float. may act upon the lever with a greater leverage. By this means, the floats may be mounted to have a relative vertical displacement corresponding to the whole height of the waves without unduly increasing the dimensions of the shock absorber which oppose said displacement.

Fig. 9 shows a modification of the system of mounting up the vertical shaft on the float b and on its joints 9,70. This shaft 8 l is mounted so as to be capable of oscillating on said float by themedium of ordinary bearings u, t' and a step bearing 0 fixed to the float.

example in Fig. 10, but it has then fewer qualities. One sees in this diagram that it can be composed simply of a side lever f, a damper 7' and a float b. i

- The direction of the apparatus can be obtained by interior vrudders p (Fig. 11) disposed on rear floats and resisting to their forward movement. These rudders are movable about axles q. which-"are oblique with relation to a longitudinalplane of symmetry of the apparatus so that the rotation of one rudder entails at the same time its immersion. For instance, these rudders can be controlled by levers pulled by cables which lead to the control station placed in g It will further be noticed that to the floats can be added leeway keels r. V

The arrangements described have been given as examples and they can be modified in their details according to constructive conveniences without departing from the spirit of the invention. 7

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An apparatus for sea navigation comprising in combination a superstructure, floats, pivotally mounted levers connecting the floats to the superstructure and shock absorbing members mounted on the'super structure and engaging with the levers, the shock absorbing members being adapted to act upon the levers with a leverage shorter than that of the floats.

2. An apparatus for sea navigation com- 4. An apparatus for sea navigation com-" prising. in combination a superstructure, floats, plvotally mounted levers connecting the floats to the superstructure and means spect to the superstructure while remaining horizontal in their longitudinal direction.

' 5. An apparatus for sea navigation comprising in combination a' central body, floats beam at and going along the side levers f; v passesthrough a joint is carried at the end whereby the floats can be displaced with reonly in a vertical plane on the joints 9, 7c

Accordadapted to support said body, levers pivoted on the central body, dampers fixed on said body and connected to the inner ends of the levers and vertical shafts flxedto the floats and pivoted on the outer ends of the levers, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

6. An apparatus for sea navigation comprising in combination a central body, floats adapted to support said body, levers pivoted on the central body, dampers fixed on said body and connected to the inner ends of the levers, vertical shafts fixed upon the floats respectively and pivoted on the outer ends of the levers and connecting rods pivoted at their inner ends to the central body and by their outer ends to the tops of the vertical shafts so as to form with the said levers articulated parallelograms, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

7. An apparatus for sea navigation comprising in combination a central body floats adapted to support said body, levers pivoted on the central body, dampers fixed on said body and connected to the inner ends of the levers, vertical shafts mounted upon the floats, bearings fixed to said floats and in which are mounted the vertical shafts so that the floats can rotate about said shafts, connecting rods pivoted at their inner ends to the central'body and joints provided at the outer ends of the levers and of the connecting rods in which are pivoted the vertical shafts so as to be capable of oscillating only in a vertical plane, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

8. An apparatus for sea navigation comprising in combination a central body, front and rear floats adapted to support said body, articulated devices connected to the central body and tothe floats, and internal rudders arranged on the rear floats and movable about axes which are oblique with relation to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the apparatus, substantially as described and for the purposeset forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

, SIMON KOIRANSKY. Witnesses:

LOUIS MOSES, CHAS. P. PRESSLY. 

